Expert System and Artificial Intelligence For Diagnosing of Anemia: A Literature Review

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence can now be used as one method for diagnosing diseases, including anemia. Anemia is a condition where there is a deficiency in hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the blood and is a disease commonly experienced by all segments of society. The main function of Hb in the blood is to transport oxygen and provide energy for cells. If Hb levels are below normal, symptoms such as fatigue will appear because organs do not receive what they need to function properly. Therefore, artificial intelligence is needed for simple and practical anemia diagnosis, utilizing technological advancements. Research Methods: The analysis was conducted using a literature review method, which involved comprehensively reviewing, identifying, examining, and presenting information, along with data review. Research Findings: The best methods in this literature review are Rule-Based Web with 83% sensitivity accuracy, a portable ocular conjunctival system assisted by Smartphone with 77.58% sensitivity, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with the highest accuracy of 72.9167%. Conclusion: Based on this literature review, methods were found that can be used for faster, cheaper, globally applicable, and quite popular early diagnosis of anemia, replacing doctors' visual examinations for anemia diagnosis. Such a system would be very useful in rural areas of developing countries, where medical resources are difficult to access.